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Catholic Women in Cameroon Fighting Genital Mutilation, Oppression against Girls

Catholic Women Members offering assistance to some victims in Memfe Diocese. Credit: Emmanuel Ayuni

“Violence against women can be defined as a situation in which the oppressor is in a position of controlling the oppressed — something that is very present in Cameroon especially in the northern region,” Aissa Marie Doumara Ngatansou, national coordinator of the Association to Combat Violence Against Women, and a member of Apostolic Women (Dames Apostolique).

One in two women in Cameroon have suffered from violence once in their lives, according to the Ministry of Women Empowerment and the Family. According to UN Women, 36 percent of Cameroonian girls are victims of forced and early marriage. In a recent interview with the French Catholic news agency, KTO, Ngatansou said the statistics are even double in her region but she doesn’t have the exact figures. 

The Catholic Women’s Association and Apostolic Women are two groups existing in the Catholic Church in Cameroon whose priority is to serve and not to be served, said Maiba Helene, president of the Catholic Women’s Association of St Eugene of Mazenod de Palar in the diocese of Maroua -Mokolo. “Our apostolate consists in helping the vulnerable in the society like abandoned children, visiting prisoners, the sick, and above all assisting young girls and women who are victims of abuses like rape, domestic violence, forced and early marriages among other forms of oppression.” 

They also fight against other scourges such as female genital mutilation, she added. 

Cameroon is a country where women suffer from violence, though it’s not as widely known as in the Democratic Republic of Congo. In conflict regions, as in northern Cameroon where there is a Boko Haram insurgence, and in the Anglophone regions, “we meet women suffering from all sorts of violence and bad cultural practices,” said Kesiki Geraldine, divisional president for Nguti in the diocese of Mamfe. “Displaced children and women are almost all around us because of the crisis,” she added. “Most young girls have become more promiscuous than before, but with the little we have, we are trying to tame them.”

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She said that in a recent meeting, a woman complained to them of being “sent out by her husband” because he is much older than her, and so he takes money from young boys in the village in return for giving them her wife to sexually abuse her. “Such cases have been reported to us,” she said.  

Geraldine said that to handle such situations, they meet the local community or take it further to Caritas which has the means to handle such situations legally. They are engaged in the serious education of women so that they can know their rights, she said. 

“Concerning young girls who are victims of sexual assaults, we have created what we call ‘child friendly space’ to help children in need, and the girls who have suffered from violence and live in trauma. CWA women volunteers in those centers help give them some help and to re-enter society because most of them are traumatized.” 

In some regions, such as in the far north of Cameroon, the percentage of women and girl victims is still very high and alarming. Most of these girls are deprived of education by their spouses, who consider them just instruments of child rearing. The majority of these girls suffer from rape and find themselves with unwanted pregnancies. “There are some cruel things that women go through like rape, physical torture, women who are forcibly married and other cultural practice like female genital mutilation which is still present,” said Doumara. 

“All these forms of violence are still visible in our society. Some cultures do not even allow women to practice any work. Young girls are not allowed to go to school for long and shape a future for themselves and there is also psychological violence,” Doumara added. 

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“Early marriage exposes the girl to all other forms of violence that one can imagine, and in the same space, she’ll suffer from rape, sexual violence, and she’ll lack the necessary resources because she’s not allowed to carry out any income generating activity, nor attend any classical education. She doesn’t have access to all the opportunities which society presents.” 

Joan Wirba of CWA (Catholic women Association) and a member of St Joseph’s Parish, said that, as a Catholic woman, they are called to help the needy they have been receiving victims from abuses especially from the conflict regions. “We have been receiving cases of girls who have been victims of violence, especially those from the Anglophone regions where some have suffered from rape, torture by an armed group. Those who come to us to report about their parents forcing them into early marriage against their will. We visit the families and try to talk to the parents about the problems of forcing their child to marry at a tender age, or against their will, because they will suffer from all the other forms of violence. We offer help as best we can, maybe sending some back to school who have not had the opportunity to go to school, or we sponsor some to learn any handwork,” Wirba added. 

Aicha Marie Doumara, who owns ALVF-EN, a center fighting against violence against women, was forced into marriage at an early age and decided to wage a war against all forms of violence against women. “Early marriage is the gateway to all forms of violence that a woman or girl goes through,” she said. 

Aicha Douamara said the Church is involved in helping through structures such as Caritas and justice and peace commissions which provide economic, social and material aid to these victims, but would like structures dedicated to them. “Women work with their heart and soul, there should be a particular attention given to them, to create a space particular for them,” she said, adding that the Church will also refer cases to her organization. 

According to Geraldine, “there are a lot of girls who suffer from violence, especially due to early and forced marriage. Most of these girls are not educated and are cut off from the society,” she said. “They are just considered as ‘baby making machines,’ have no right to complain about their husbands no matter what they go through.” she added. “Our culture is in such a way that they have made reporting violence look like a taboo, for a woman to complain. They must be submissive to their husbands, and some of these women suffer from physical violence sexual violence, torture, because their culture prohibits them from complaining. They are always wrong while their husbands are always right.”

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Other Catholic women contacted by ACI Africa complained of inadequate punishments given to perpetrators who are made to believe that violence against women is a normal thing whereas it’s harming the society. They also said less attention is paid to these women as the state has not provided adequate facilities to take care of such victims such as free health facilities for them. They would also like to see Church leaders preach more about such violence done to women or girls because the devastating consequences are wide, not only to the individual woman but to her family, her children, her community and even to the economy of the country. One of the women called for “clearer state policies to fight against this phenomenon.” 

A CWA leader agreed with Aicha Doumara on the need for a Church structure dedicated to women and girl victims of violence, otherwise they will continue to be maltreated. “It’s high time in our different dioceses in Cameroon that they create structures and commissions to fight against violence against women and girls,” she said.

In a recent interview, Aicha Doumara said her organization takes care of psychosocial, economic, material and juridical aspect of such cases but invites religious leaders to take more action because they have the opportunity to be better heard. It’s a process, she said, “which entails change of mentality, considering one another as myself, women entirely as people who have the right to everything, be it education, right of speech and right to existence.” 

According to Geraldine, “We try to empower women and girls in our parish and diocese in general so that they are able to stand up and face these challenges and not be victims of our culture. They are not slaves either and shouldn’t be subjected to such barbaric treatment as genital mutilation.” She said that is “gradually decreasing in our community thanks to the help of social workers, health services, continuous education and sensitization that we carry out.”

A priest who runs an association for the needy in the far north said that sometimes it’s difficult to detect those suffering or going through violence, but once they open up, they are transferred to organizations owned by Aissa Doumara and they take care of their tuition and other needs since her association doesn’t lodge girls. 

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The priest said there is a need for coordination between these organizations and groups, between the Church and civil authorities, if we really want to empower the women and children, most of whom suffer in silence.